What are The 7 Heavy Letters in Arabic?
The heavy letters in Arabic, also referred to as “full mouth letters,” are pronounced by fattening and thickening the letter at its level of articulation. This method fills the mouth with echoes, making the sound sturdy and resonant. The seven heavy letters are:
The 7 Heavy Letters in Arabic (Isti’laa Letters)
خ (Kha)ص (Unhappy)ض (Dhad)غ (Ghain)ط (Ta)ق (Qaf)ظ (Zha)
These letters are pronounced with a particular heaviness that offers them their attribute thick and powerful sound.
The 7 heavy letters in Arabic, often known as Isti’laa letters, differ of their ranges of heaviness.
Significance of Tajweed in Studying the Quran
Tajweed, the algorithm for the proper pronunciation of the letters with all their qualities and making use of the varied conventional strategies of recitation, is essential for correct studying of the Quran. It ensures that the Quran is recited within the method it was revealed, preserving the that means and the fantastic thing about the recitation.
Learn how to pronounce the 7 Heavy Letters in Arabic
Tajweed Guidelines for Heavy Letters
Tafkheem (Heaviness) Guidelines:
The next desk summarizes the principles for heaviness of the letters:
10 Qira’at of Quran recitation.
Observe the heavy letters
Examples of Heavy Letters from the Quran
خ (Kha)
{خَتَمَ} – Surah Al-Baqarah (2:7){خَالِدِينَ} – Surah Al-Baqarah (2:25){خَلَقَ} – Surah Al-Alaq (96:1){يَخْتَصُّ} – Surah Aal-E-Imran (3:74){خُذُوا} – Surah Al-Hajj (22:29)
ص (Unhappy)
{صِرَاطَ} – Surah Al-Fatihah (1:6){صَدَقَةٍ} – Surah At-Tawbah (9:79){صَبْرٌ} – Surah Al-Asr (103:3){يَصْلَحُ} – Surah Al-Anbiya (21:89){صِرَاطِكَ} – Surah Yaseen (36:61)
ض (Dhad)
{ضُحَىٰ} – Surah Advert-Duha (93:1){ضَلَّ} – Surah Al-Fatihah (1:7){يَضُرُّكُمْ} – Surah Aal-E-Imran (3:111){ضَرَبَ} – Surah Al-Baqarah (2:26){يَضِلُّ} – Surah An-Nisa (4:60)
غ (Ghain)
{غَفُورٌ} – Surah Al-Baqarah (2:173){يَغْفِرُ} – Surah An-Nisa (4:48){يَغْشَىٰ} – Surah An-Nazi’at (79:6){تَغْفِرُ} – Surah Yusuf (12:29){غَسَّاقًا} – Surah An-Naba (78:25)
ط (Ta)
{طَيْبَةً} – Surah Al-Maidah (5:100){يَطُوفُ} – Surah Al-Baqarah (2:158){طُورِ} – Surah At-Tur (52:1){طَلَعَ} – Surah Ar-Rahman (55:6){طَيِّبَاتِ} – Surah Al-Araf (7:32)
ق (Qaf)
{قُلْ} – Surah Al-Ikhlas (112:1){قَرِيبٌ} – Surah Al-Baqarah (2:186){قُرْآنَ} – Surah Yusuf (12:2){قَدْ} – Surah Al-Fath (48:1){قَوْلِهِ} – Surah Al-Kahf (18:5)
ظ (Zha)
{ظُلُمَاتٍ} – Surah Al-Baqarah (2:17){ظَلَمُوا} – Surah Al-Baqarah (2:57){يَظُنُّونَ} – Surah Al-Baqarah (2:46){ظَلَّ} – Surah Al-Baqarah (2:259){ظَاهِرِينَ} – Surah Al-Hashr (59:2)
Tajweed Guidelines of heavy letters
In Tajweed, the principles of Tafkheem (emphasis) apply to the Isti’laa letters, that are grouped within the phrase “خص ضغط قظ” (Kha, Unhappy, Dhad, Ghain, Ta, Qaf, Zha). Students have differing opinions on the degrees of heaviness, with some proposing three ranges and others 5. Right here, 5 ranges of heaviness are thought of, ranked from strongest to weakest:
The heavy letter adopted by an Alif with a Fatha.The heavy letter with a Fatha, not adopted by an Alif.The heavy letter with a Dammah.The heavy letter with Sukoon after an Alif or Dammah.The heavy letter with Sukoon.
The Heavy Alif Letter
The letter “Alif” itself shouldn’t be inherently heavy or mild; its heaviness is determined by the letter previous it. If preceded by a heavy letter, the Alif is heavy, and if by a lightweight letter, it’s mild. Examples embrace:
{خَافَ}{بَارَكَ}{جَاءَ}{قَامَ}
The Heavy Laam Letter
The Laam within the identify of Allah (الله) is pronounced closely if preceded by a Fatha or Dammah and frivolously if preceded by a Kasrah.
Heavy Laam Examples:
{وَاللهُ}{قالَ الله}{تَالله}{عبدُالله}{رَسُولُ الله}
Mild Laam Examples:
{فِي الله}{لِله}{قُلِ اللهُم}{بِسْمِ الله}
The Letter Raa
The heaviness or lightness of the letter Raa varies primarily based on its context. Listed here are some circumstances:
Instances of Heaviness of the Letter Raa
Raa with Dammah or Fatha:{رَبُّكُم}{الرَّحْمن}{الرُّسُل}{رُزِقُوا}Sakin Raa preceded by Fatha or Dammah:{العَرْش}{يُرْسِل}{مَرْيَم}{قُرْبَى}Sakin Raa preceded by Kasrah and adopted by a heavy letter with Fatha:{فِرْقَة}{مِرْصَادًا}{إِرْصَادًا}{قِرْطَاس}Sakin Raa after Hamzatul Wasl:{ارْتَفَع}{ارْزُق}{ارْبَح}{ارْحَم}Sakin Raa preceded by an authentic or quickly Sakin letter:{ربِ ارْحمهما}{لمنِ ارْتضى}{القارِعة}.Quickly Sakin Raa on the finish of the phrase preceded by Fatha or Dammah:{النُذُرِ}{القَمَر}{مزدَجَر}{نُكُر}Quickly Sakin Raa on the finish of the phrase preceded by Sakin Alif or Waw:{النَّارُ}{الأمُورُ}{النّهَار}Quickly Sakin Raa on the finish of the phrase preceded by an authentic Sakin letter preceded by Fatha or Dammah:{الأَمْرُ}{العُسْرِ}{صُفْر}{خُسْر}{العَصْر}{الفَجْر}
Instances of Lightness of the Letter Raa
Raa with authentic or quickly Kasrah:{والفجرِ}{رِزْقِه}{وبشّرِ الذين}{واذكرِ اسم}{القارِعة}{غيرِ}Raa with authentic Kasrah and never adopted by a heavy letter with Fatha:{استغفِرْ}{الفِرْدُوس}{مِرْيَة}{فِرْعُون}{شِرْذِمة}Quickly Sakin Raa on the finish of the phrase preceded by a Kasrah:{مستمِر}{قدِر}{مدكِر}Quickly Sakin Raa on the finish of the phrase preceded by a Sakin Yaa:{قَدِير}{خَبِير}{بَصِير}{خَيْر}Raa preceded by a lightweight Sakin letter preceded by a Kasrah:Inclining Raa in the way in which of Hafs ‘an Asim:
Widespread Errors to Keep away from
Complicated Heavy and Mild Letters: Make sure you differentiate between heavy (tafkhim) and lightweight (tarqiq) pronunciations.Incorrect Mouth Place: Heavy letters require a full mouth place to provide the echo impact.Inconsistent Software: Apply the principles persistently all through recitation, not simply in remoted phrases.Ignoring Context: Be aware of the encircling letters, as they will have an effect on the heaviness of a letter.Dashing Pronunciation: Take your time to pronounce every letter appropriately, particularly in complicated phrases.
By understanding and making use of these guidelines, you possibly can enhance your recitation and appreciation of the Quran, making certain that it’s learn because it was revealed.
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